2-D Metal

Scientists have developed an alternative to graphene that can be synthesized using bacteria. Called molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), the new material is only a few atoms thick, but unlike graphene, which acts as an electrical conductor, MoS2 is actually a semiconductor, making it extremely useful for manufacturing various types of electronic devices like diodes, transistors and integrated circuits.

The bacterium, Shewanella oneidensis, is one of a class of organisms that can “breathe” anaerobically (without oxygen). In such an environment, rather than transferring electrons to oxygen atoms, the bacteria transfer electrons to metals. Although it took some trial and error to find the best combination of materials, when placed in an airless bottle, the nanoparticles were created over the course of two weeks. Most importantly, the reaction occurs at room temperature, making it a desirable alternative to other synthesis processes that require harsh environments.