Inkjet-Printable Silk

Numerous researchers have looked at inkjet printing technology as an economical means of depositing biomolecules (such as enzymes, antibodies and growth factors) on surfaces for a variety of applications – from sensing microorganisms to promoting tissue regeneration. Inkjet printing technologies are economical, affordable, readily available and adaptable to a wide variety of substrates. However, the biomolecular compounds used are notoriously unstable, particularly when exposed to heat, which means that the printed biomaterials can quickly lose functionality.

Recently it was discovered that silk protein – also called fibroin – acts as a “cocoon” to stabilize biomolecules so that they remain active for longer periods of time. The intrinsic strength of silk also makes the inks more mechanically robust. Using a single silk-based ink, doped with a variety of compounds, researchers have now been able to create a library of printable materials for specific applications. Future applications of this technology include surgical gloves that turn from blue to red when exposed to bacteria and smart bandages that incorporate antibiotics to promote faster healing. Multi-cartridge printers could even combine functions to address more complex applications.