Gene-Editing Advancement

Up to 20 human clinical trials will soon be underway using CRISPR genome-editing technology. CRISPR (which stands for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) works by modifying specific segments within a DNA sequence to disrupt abnormal gene expression and even correct mutations that cause genetic diseases. Conditions currently being studied include breast, prostate, bladder, esophageal and colorectal cancers as well as HIV.

Up until now, CRISPR involved removing cells from the body, disabling specific receptors, and then returning them to the body. But a new study slated to begin in China will attempt, for the first time, to edit cells while they are inside the body. The target will be human papillomavirus (HPV) and the CRISPR mechanism will be delivered via a gel applied to the cervix. The goal is to destroy cells infected by HPV before they become cancerous, while leaving healthy cells untouched.